Biomass Group, Nanjing Agricultural University, PO Box 68, 40 Dianjiangtai Road, Nanjing 210031

A review of metallurgical slag for efficient wastewater treatment: Pretreatment, performance and mechanism

Recently, Dr Yi-Tong Wang (Associate Prof., College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology) and Prof. Zhen Fang published a review article in Journal of Cleaner Production about using metallurgical slag to treatment wastewater.

Metallurgical slag as a by-product of the metallurgical industry not only has huge storage capacity and low price, but also causes serious damage to the environment and threatens the safety of human life by heavy metal in metallurgical slag leaching. The approach of metallurgical slag used to remove pollutants in wastewater is considered to achieve the purpose of “using waste to treat waste”. This review focuses on three pretreatment methods of metallurgical slag including acid/alkali pretreatment, mixed pretreatment, and core-shell structure pretreatment, and their structural properties and performance optimization after pretreatment. The removal mechanism of typical pollutants, catalytic performance, reaction conditions, and recyclability of metallurgical slag such as steel slag, blast furnace slag, red mud, copper slag, and manganese slag are summarized and compared.

Related results were accepted in Journal of Cleaner Production:

Rui Ji, Tian-Ji Liu, Le-Le Kang, Yi-Tong Wang, Jun-Guo Li, Fu-Ping Wang, Qing Yu, Xiao-Man Wang, Huan Liu, Hua-Wei Guo, Wen-Long Xu, Ya-Nan Zeng, Zhen Fang. A review of metallurgical slag for efficient wastewater treatment: Pretreatment, performance and mechanism. Accepted. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2022.

After pretreatment, metallurgical slag can effectively remove heavy metals, dyes, antibiotics and other pollutants from wastewater. 冶金渣经过预处理后可高效去除废水中的重金属、染料和抗生素等污染物。

 

冶金渣高效处理废水的研究进展：预处理、性能和机理

最近，王一同博士（华北理工大学冶金与能源学院副教授）和方真教授在国际学术期刊Journal of Cleaner Production 发表题为“冶金渣高效处理废水的研究进展：预处理、性能和机理”的综述性论文。

冶金渣是冶金工业的副产品，不仅储量巨大而且价格低廉。但是冶金渣堆积浸出过程中的重金属对环境造成严重破坏，威胁人类生命安全。使用冶金渣去除废水中污染物可以达到“以废治废”的目的。综述了冶金渣的三种预处理方法，包括酸碱预处理、混合预处理和核壳结构预处理，以及预处理后的结构性能和性能优化。对钢渣、高炉渣、赤泥、铜渣和锰渣等冶金渣的典型污染物去除机理、催化性能、反应条件和可回收性进行了总结和比较。该论文为冶金渣应用于废水处理方面提供了新思路。详情可见：

Rui Ji, Tian-Ji Liu, Le-Le Kang, Yi-Tong Wang, Jun-Guo Li, Fu-Ping Wang, Qing Yu, Xiao-Man Wang, Huan Liu, Hua-Wei Guo, Wen-Long Xu, Ya-Nan Zeng, Zhen Fang. A review of metallurgical slag for efficient wastewater treatment: Pretreatment, performance and mechanism. Accepted. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2022.

Removal of pollutants from wastewater using coffee waste as adsorbent: A review

Recently, Dr Yi-Tong Wang (Associate Prof., College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology) and Prof. Zhen Fang published a review article in Journal of Water Process Engineering about using coffee waste as adsorbent to remove pollutants from wastewater.

The problem of water pollution is becoming more and more serious, and many pollutants are carcinogenic and pose a serious threat to global sustainable and green development. Adsorption is a promising wastewater treatment process, and agricultural wastes as adsorbents are popular in various wastewater treatments. The world produces > 6 million tons of coffee crops annually, and every ton of coffee generates 0.68 ton of coffee waste. Because coffee waste (i) has a surface with a porous structure, (ii) contains cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin structure that can provide abundant functional groups, and (iii) is recyclable to make it have remarkable performance in wastewater treatment, and its reuse not only saves processing costs but also contributes to the sustainable development of the environment. This review focuses on the application of coffee waste sorbents in the removal of pollutants from wastewater. The methods and advantages and disadvantages of physical pretreatment, acid pretreatment, alkali pretreatment, and magnetic pretreatment of coffee waste were reviewed. Four types of adsorption experiments including adsorption experiments, adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, and adsorption thermodynamics of heavy metals, dyes, antibiotics, and other organic pollutants removal efficiency are investigated and their adsorption potential is discussed. Finally, a brief conclusion and future perspective for coffee waste that applies to wastewater treatment are provided. This review paper provides a new idea for the application of solid waste to wastewater treatment.

Related results were accepted in Journal of Water Process Engineering:

Le-Le Kang, Ya-Nan Zeng, Yi-Tong Wang, Jun-Guo Li, Fu-Ping Wang, Ya-Jun Wang, Qing Yu, Xiao-Man Wang, Rui Ji, Di Gao, Zhen Fang. Removal of pollutants from waste water using coffee waste as adsorbent: A review. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2022, 49, 103178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103178

The coffee waste without any pretreatment or after physical pretreatment, acid-base pretreatment and magnetic pretreatment can effectively remove heavy metals, dyes, antibiotics and other pollutants in wastewater. 未经任何预处理或经过物理预处理、酸预处理、碱预处理和磁性预处理的咖啡废弃物可有效去除废水中的重金属、染料、抗生素和其他污染物。

咖啡废弃物用作吸附剂去除废水中污染物的研究进展

最近，王一同博士（华北理工大学冶金与能源学院副教授）和方真教授在国际学术期刊Journal of Water Process Engineering 发表题为“咖啡废料用作吸附剂去除废水中污染物的研究进展”的综述性论文。

水污染问题越来越严重，许多污染物具有致癌性，对全球可持续发展和绿色发展构成严重威胁。吸附是一种很有前途的废水处理方法，农业废弃物作为吸附剂在各种废水处理中得到广泛应用。全世界每年生产600万吨咖啡农作物，每生产1吨咖啡产生0.68吨咖啡废弃物。因为咖啡废弃物（i）具有多孔结构的表面；（ii）含有纤维素、半纤维素和木质素结构，能够提供丰富的官能团；（iii）具有可回收性。这些使其在废水处理中具有显著的性能，其重复利用不仅节约了处理成本，而且有利于环境的可持续发展。本文重点综述了咖啡废弃物吸附剂去除废水中污染物的应用。综述了咖啡废弃物的物理预处理、酸预处理、碱预处理和磁性预处理的方法及其优缺点。研究了吸附实验、吸附动力学、吸附等温线、吸附热力学等四类吸附实验对重金属、染料、抗生素和其他有机污染物的去除效率，并讨论了它们的吸附潜力。最后，对咖啡废弃物在废水处理中的应用前景进行了简要的总结和展望。该论文为固体废物应用于废水处理方面提供了新思路。详情可见：

Le-Le Kang, Ya-Nan Zeng, Yi-Tong Wang, Jun-Guo Li, Fu-Ping Wang, Ya-Jun Wang, Qing Yu, Xiao-Man Wang, Rui Ji, Di Gao, Zhen Fang. Removal of pollutants from wastewater using coffee waste as adsorbent: A review. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2022, 49, 103178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103178.

侨界贡献奖Win “Overseas Chinese Contribution Award”

Prof. Zhen Fang won 2022 “Overseas Chinese Contribution Award” by the All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese.

方真老师获中国侨联2022“中国侨界贡献奖”

“中国侨界贡献奖”由中国侨联于2003年设立，每两年举办一次，设立的目的是为了展示和表彰新侨在回国的创新创业成果，以吸引更多的海外侨界人才以多种形式为国服务。

Visiting Cixi City for Collabration in Biomedical Engineering

As invited by Cixi government (an economic top 6 county in China), Prof. Zhen Fang visited Cixi city on July 23-26, 2022 for collabration.

On May 24, Prof. Zhen Fang visited his hometown Hushan town (Fig. 1) and met local officials headed by Ms. Weikai Chen (Fig. 2).

Fig1. Prof. Zhen Fang Visited Hushan (Cixi Downtown) 图1.方老师参观浒山镇（慈溪市区）

Fig2. Prof. Zhen Fang Met Officials in Hushan (Cixi Downtown) 图2.方老师会见浒山镇领导

In the evening, he met Mr. Gao Zhou (Vice Mayor), Mr. Zhiyuan Hu (Director of Science and Technology Bureau) and Mr. Ting Luo (Dean of College of Science & Technology Ningbo University) for collabration with local enterprises, institutes and universities.

On July 25, Prof. Zhen Fang accompanied by Mr. Zhiyuan Hu, donated 20 books edited/authored by him in renewable energy and green technologies to the City Museum of Academicians/Fellows (Figs. 3 and 4):

1.P Bartica, F Fantozzi, Q Yang, HP Yang, O Masek, YJ Yan, Zhen Fang, L Rigamonti, (Editors), Sustainable Biomass and Waste Conversion, Elsevier, 2022.

2.Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., LJ Xu (Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals from Sustainable Recycling of Organic Solid Waste, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2022.

3.Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., LJ Xu (Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Pyrolysis, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2020.

4.YT Wang, Zhen Fang (Editors), Catalytic Biomass to Renewable Biofuels and Biomaterials, MDPI (Basel, Switzerland), 2020.

5.Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., XF Tian (Editors), Production of Materials from Sustainable Biomass Resources, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2019.

6.Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., H Li (Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Bifunctional Catalysts, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2017.

7.Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., X Qi (Editors), Production of Platform Chemicals from Sustainable Resources, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2017.

8.Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr.(Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals from Lignin, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2016.

9.Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., X Qi (Editors), Production of Hydrogen from Renewable Resources, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2015.

10.Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., X Qi (Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Microwave, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2015.

11.Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., X Qi (Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Ultrasound, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2015.

12.Zhen Fang, C Xu (Editors), Near-critical and Supercritical Water and Their Applications for Biorefineries, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2014.

13.Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., X Qi (Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Ionic Liquids, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2014.

14.Zhen Fang (Editor), Liquid, Gaseous and Solid Biofuels – Conversion Techniques, InTech, London, UK, 2013.

15.Zhen Fang (Editor), Biofuels – Economy, Environment and Sustainability, InTech, London, UK, 2013.

16.Zhen Fang (Editor), Pretreatment Techniques for Biofuels and Biorefineries, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

17.Zhen Fang (Editor), Biodiesel – Feedstocks, Production and Applications, InTech, London, UK, 2013.

18.J. M. Marchetti, Zhen Fang (Editors), Biodiesel: Blends, Properties and Applications, Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York, 2011.

19.Zhen Fang (Author), Rapid Production of Micro- and Nano-particles Using Supercritical Water, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.

20.Zhen Fang (Author), Complete Dissolution and Oxidation of Organic Wastes in Water, VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, Saarbrücken, Germany, 2009.

Fig3. Prof. Zhen Fang Donated His Books to the City Museum of Academicians/Fellows and Left a message. 图3.方老师将他的书捐赠给慈溪市院士风采馆并留言。

Fig4. Prof. Zhen Fang Donated His Books图4.方老师捐赠给慈溪院士风采馆的专著。

He also visited Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering accompanied by Mr. Nengfeng Wang, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Cixi Southeast Composite Material Co., Ltd.

 ————————————————————————————————-

方真教授访问慈溪市开展生物医学工程合作

Fig5. Invitation Letter from Cixi Government for His Visiting图5.慈溪市科技局邀请函。

2022年7月23日至26日，应慈溪市政府（中国经济六强县）邀请（图5），方真教授访问慈溪市进行合作和交流。

7月23日一大早，天空晴朗、万里无云，方老师怀着无比激动和喜悦的心晴踏上了从南京开往余姚北的动车，不到2小时，到达余姚北。37年弹指一挥间，中午12：20 pm 左右，回到阔别多年的故乡浒山。

第二天一早，方真教授访问了他的家乡浒山镇（图1），会见了以陈伟凯女士为首的当地官员（图2）。晚上，他会见了周高先生（副市长）、胡志远先生（科技局局长）和骆挺先生（宁波大学科技学院院长），目的在于与当地企业、研究所和大学进行合作。陪同会见的还有著名画家房企遐先生、青年企业家徐海纳先生和青年画家房有文先生。

7月25日，方真教授在胡志远先生的陪同下，特意来到距离方老师祖家不到1000米的慈溪市院士风采馆【路（甬祥同志）家私人诊所改建】，捐赠了20本由他编辑/撰写的可再生能源和绿色技术书籍并留言（图3，4，6）：

1.P Bartocci，F Fantozzi，Q Yang，HP Yang，O Masek，YJ Yan，方真，L Rigamonti，（编著），《可持续生物质和废弃物转化》，爱思唯尔出版社，2022

2．方真，RL Smith，Jr.，徐禄江（编著），《可持续再生有机固体废物生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2021

3.方真，RL Smith，Jr.，徐禄江（编著），《热解生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2020

4.王一同，方真 （编著），《催化生物质转化为可再生生物燃料和生物材料》，MDPI（瑞士巴塞尔）出版社，2020

5.方真，RL Smith，Jr.，田霄飞（编著），《可持续生物质资源生产材料》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2019

6.方真，RL Smith，Jr.，李虎（编著），《双功能催化剂生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2017

7.方真，RL Smith，Jr.，漆新华（编著），《可持续资源生产平台化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2017

8.方真，RL Smith，Jr.（编著），《木质素生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2016

9.方真，RL Smith，Jr.，漆新华（编著），《可再生资源生产氢气》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2015

10.方真，RL Smith，Jr.，漆新华（编著），《利用微波生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2015

11.方真，RL Smith，Jr.，漆新华（编著），《利用超声波生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2015

12.方真，徐春保（编著），《近临界水和超临界水及其在生物炼制中的应用》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2014

13.方真，RL Smith，Jr.，漆新华（编著），《利用离子液体生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2014

14.方真（编著），《液体、气体和固体生物燃料-转化技术》，InTech出版社，英国，伦敦，2013

15.方真（编著），《生物燃料-经济、环境和可持续性》，InTech出版社，英国，伦敦，2013

16.方真（编著），《生物燃料和生物精炼的预处理技术》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2013

17.方真（编著），《生物柴油-原料、生产和应用》，InTech出版社，英国，伦敦，2013

18.JM Marchetti，方真（编著），《生物柴油：混合物、性质和应用》，Nova Science Publishers出版社，纽约，2011

19.方真（作者），《超临界水快速制备微米和纳米颗粒》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2010

20.方真（作者），《水中有机废物的完全溶解和氧化》，德国，萨尔布吕肯，VDM Verlag Dr. Müller出版社，2009.

Fig6. Certificate for the Book Donation Issued by Cixi Government图6.慈溪市科技局图书捐赠证明。

Fig7. Prof. Zhen Fang Visited Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences.图7. 方老师访问中科院慈溪生物医学工程研究所。

随后，在科技局副局长王能锋先生以及著名画家房企遐先生、青年企业家徐海纳先生和青年画家房有文先生的陪同下，方老师参观了中科院慈溪生物医学工程研究所（图7）。拜访了慈溪东南复合材料有限公司（图8）。方老师还看望了画家房企遐先生95岁高龄的母亲（图9）。

Fig8. Prof. Zhen Fang Visited Southeast Composite Material Co., Ltd.图8. 方老师拜访慈溪东南复合材料有限公司。

Fig.9. A 95 year old Lady图9.画家房企遐先生95岁高龄的母亲

图10.画家房企遐先生和方老师

2022年7月26日一个平静的夏夜，在北上回南京列车的窗口，一站站灯火扑来，像流萤飞走。这是一次高效和成功的交流和学习。在慈溪的几天里，方老师在40度的烈日下晒黑了不少，体重减轻2斤。但他还是愉快地完成了自己给自己定的任务，受到陈老师的表扬，心中充满着无比的欢乐。

It was concluded that with the last few words: tired, tired, tired, hot, hot, hot; 累、累、累，热、热、热。

慈溪就是一个Legend！

一个月后的南京，2022年8月27日终于下了夏季以来的一场中雨。晚八点，天晴了，雨住了，雪白的云层里不时露出橙色月亮，跑完五圈方老师，微红的脸盘在月光下，更显得帅。

凉爽的秋季终于来了！

博士生小姚说：方老师，冬天时您的脸还会变白的，心中的石头落下了。

-end-

Springer book “Production of Biofuels and Chemicals from Sustainable Recycling of Organic Solid Waste”

Recently, Springer has published a book entitled “Production of Biofuels and Chemicals from Sustainable Recycling of Organic Solid Waste” edited by Profs. Zhen Fang, RL Smith Jr. and Dr. LJ Xu, Springer, Hardcover ISBN 978-981-16-6161-7, 506 pages, 2022 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6162-4).

World demand for polymers and their many related products has led to an explosive increase in the amount of plastic waste generated that is having serious consequences on the environment, nature and human health. Sustainable recycling of organic solid waste (OSW), which includes municipal solid waste, organic sludge waste, polymer solid waste and agricultural waste, will become of even increasing importance, as world population increases and material recycle becomes a necessary characteristic of innovative technology. This text provides a compilation of state-of-the-art techniques for reducing, reusing and recycling OSW and for converting these underutilized carbon resources into valuable chemicals and biofuels with sustainable methods.  Chapter topics include manufacture of value-added products such as fuels, commodity chemicals and bio-based functional materials from OSW feedstocks as well as methods for processing and handling many types of OSW.  Aimed at improving conversion effectiveness and developing innovative techniques for new value-added products, this book was conceived as a collection of studies on state-of-art techniques and developed specifically for producing fuels and chemicals from multiple organic solid wastes via sustainable recycling methods. Discussion on related topics in terms of recent advances and their assessment and the promise and prospects of new methods or new technological strategies are provided to readers in a concise and informative format. Each individual chapter was contributed by globally-selected experts or professionals and was peer-reviewed and edited for content and consistency in terminology.

This book contains 14 chapters contributed by leading experts in the field. The text is arranged into five key parts:

Part I. Introduction (Chapter 1)

Part II. Production of Biofuels and Chemicals by Thermo-Chemical Conversion Processes (Chapters 2-4)

Part III. Production of Biofuels and Chemicals by Biodegration (Chapters 5-7)

Part IV. Production of Liquid Biofuels with New Technologies (Chapters 8-12)

Part V. Techno-Economic Analysis (Chapters 13 and 14)

The text should be of interest to professionals in academia and industry who are working in the fields of natural renewable materials, biorefinery of lignocellulose, biofuels and environmental engineering. It can also be used as comprehensive references for university students with backgrounds in chemical engineering, material science and environmental engineering.

This book is the eleventh book of the series entitled, “Biofuels and Biorefineries”, (highly-downloaded books with 200 k chapter downloads and 4 books among “top 25% springer e-books”, Prof. Zhen Fang is serving as Editor-in-Chief), and the twentieth English book edited/authored by Prof. Zhen Fang since 2009.

Biofuels and Biorefineries：

http://www.springer.com/series/11687?detailsPage=titles

       斯普林格新书《可持续回收有机固体废物生产生物燃料和化学品》出版

由方真老师、日本东北大学RL Smith Jr.教授和徐禄江博士主编的新书《可持续回收有机固体废物生产生物燃料和化学品》，最近由斯普林格公司出版发行。（精装，506页， ISBN 978-981-16-6161-7）(DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6162-4)。

世界对聚合物及其许多相关产品的需求导致产生的塑料废物数量激增，对环境、自然和人类健康造成严重后果。随着世界人口的增加和材料回收成为创新技术的必要特征，包括城市固体废物、有机污泥废物、聚合物固体废物和农业废物在内的有机固体废物的可持续回收将变得越来越重要。本文提供了减少、再利用和再循环有机固废OSW(Organic Solid Waste)的最新技术汇编，并以可持续的方法将这些未充分利用的碳资源转化为有价值的化学品和生物燃料。本书主题包括从OSW原料制造附加值产品，如燃料、商品化学品和生物基功能材料，以及加工和处理多种类型OSW的方法。目的在提高转化效率和开发新的增值产品的创新技术，旨在收集最新技术的研究成果，专门用于通过可持续回收方法从多种有机固体废物中生产燃料和化学品。书以简洁、信息丰富的形式向读者提供了有关最新进展及其评估的相关主题讨论，以及新方法或新技术战略的前景和前景。每一章都由全球选定的专家或专业人士撰写，并经过同行审查和编辑，以确保内容和术语的一致性。

本书共有14章，由该领域的顶尖专家撰写。正文分为五个关键部分：

第一部分：导言（第一章）

第二部分：通过热化学转化工艺生产生物燃料和化学品（第2-4章）

第三部分：通过生物降解生产生物燃料和化学品（第5-7章）

第四部分：采用新技术生产液体生物燃料（第8-12章）

第五部分：技术经济分析（第13章和第14章）

这本书为在天然可再生材料、木质纤维素生物精炼、生物燃料和环境工程领域工作的学术界和工业界专业人提供了一个理想的参考指南。它也可以作为具有化学工程、材料科学和环境工程背景的大学生的综合参考资料。

这本书是斯普林格系列丛书“生物燃料和生物炼制- Biofuels and Biorefineries”第十一本书（方真老师担任该丛书总编辑，章节下载量（电子销售量）近20万次，他编著其中4 部专著已进入Springer高下载书籍前25%。），也是自2009年以来由方真老师编辑/撰写的第二十本英文书。

生物燃料和生物炼制丛书：

http://www.springer.com/series/11687?detailsPage=titles 。