Biomass Group, Nanjing Agricultural University, PO Box 68, 40 Dianjiangtai Road, Nanjing 210031

New Wave Engineering Linking Megatrends and Future Skills by JA Kozinski

As invited by Prof. Zhen Fang based on the grant from the National Foreign Expert Bureau of China, Prof. Janusz A Kozinski (Dean of Engineering, Lakehead, Fellow of Canadian Academy of Engineering) as a distinguished visiting professor is jointly working with our group from July 1 to August 31, 2025 in the biomass group of college of engineering at Nanjing Agricultural University (NJAU). In the afternoon of July 10, 2025, Prof. Kozinski gave a special lecture entitled “New Wave Engineering Linking Megatrends and Future Skills” to our students and faculty members.

In his lecture, Prof. Kozinski first shared his adventures in the parabolic zero-gravity flights in France for his space ambition and in Toronto CN Tower as Skywalker to show his determination, and demonstrated a modern magnificent engineering building at York initiated and built under the guidance of him as founding Dean to inspire young people to realize their engineer’s dream. Subsequently, he indicated what engineering skills we need to meet future technologies. Finally, he showed us the detailed research of his Canadian research group on renewable energy, which will collaborate with our Bioenergy Research Group at Nanjing Agricultural University to address key issues in the field of bioenergy. After the lecture, the teachers and students raised questions and had a lively discussion.

Parabolic zero-gravity flights in France, Kozinski院士抛物线零重力高空飞行中以实现太空梦想

Adventure in Toronto CN Tower, Kozinski院士在多伦多加拿大国家电视塔空中探险以表决心

A fantastic modern Engineering building at York

Kozinski院长发起建造的约克大学一座梦幻般的现代工学院大楼以实现年青人工程师梦想

Prof. Kozinski’s group research areas in Energy, Kozinski院士研究组研究领域

Prof. Janusz A Kozinski, a world well-known scientist in renewable energy, is Fellow of Canadian Academy of Engineering and the Board member of the Academy, he severed as Associate Vice-principal of McGill, Engineering Dean at U Saskatchewan and York.

Afterwards, 12 master students presented their thesis proposals, Prof. Kozinski and other participants give constructive comments and revised suggestions.

Listening to thesis proposals of Master students, 认真听取硕士生开题预答辩

————————————————————————————————————————————

Kozinski院士讲座“连接大趋势和未来技能的新浪潮工程”

应方真院士的邀请，由中国国家外国专家局高端人才项目的资助，Janusz A Kozinski教授（加拿大工程院院士、湖首大学工学院院长）作为杰出的访问教授，于2025年7月1日至8月31日在南京农业大学工学院生物质组与我组共同工作。2025年7月10日下午，Kozinski教授为我们的师生们做了一场题为“连接大趋势和未来技能的新浪潮工程”的特别讲座。

在讲座中，Kozinski教授首先分享了他在法国为实现太空梦想而进行的抛物线零重力飞行的冒险经历，并在多伦多加拿大国家电视塔上空作为天行者以显示他的工作决心，同时，展示了他作为约克大学创始工学院长发起和建造的一座现代宏伟的工学院楼，以激励年轻人实现他们的工程师梦想。随后，他指出我们需要哪些工程技能来满足未来的技术需求。最后，他向我们介绍了他的加拿大研究组在可再生能源中的详细研究，该团队将与我们南京农业大学生物能源研究组共同合作解决生物能源方面关键问题。讲座结束后，教师和学生们提出了问题并进行热烈讨论。

A Master student presents thesis proposal, 一位硕士生开题预答辩

报告结束后， 12名硕士生进行开题预答辩，Kozinski教授和其他与会者发表了建设性的意见和修改建议。

Janusz A Kozinski教授是世界知名的可再生能源科学家，是加拿大工程院院士和工程院主席团成员，他曾担任麦吉尔大学副校长助理、萨斯喀彻温大学和约克大学的工学院院长等重要职务。

Group photo, 最后合影

Invited plenary lecture on Int’l Conf. on Green & Low Carbon Utilization of Biomass

Zhen Fang, “Techniques and applications of converting agricultural biomass to biofuels and high value-added products”, The Int’l Conf. on Green & Low Carbon Utilization of Biomass July 1-4, 2025 Nanjing, Jiangsu, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry (Invited plenary lecture).

方真，“农业废弃物转化为燃料和高附加值产品技术和应用“，生物质绿色低碳利用国际学术会议，中国林业科学院林产品化学工业研究所，大会特邀报告，2025年07月1-4日，江苏∙南京。

Prof. Zhen Fang donated 22 books to the Cixi Archives

On May 7, 2025, Prof. Zhen Fang donated 22 books edited/authored by him in renewable energy and green technologies to the Cixi Archives in his hometown Cixi, Zhejiang:

1. Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., HX Guo (Editors), Production of Organic Acids and Alcohols from Agricultural Residues and Food Wastes, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2025.
2. Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., LJ Xu (Editors), Production of N-containing Chemicals and Materials from Biomass, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2023.
3. P Bartocci, F Fantozzi, Q Yang, HP Yang, O Masek, YJ Yan, Zhen Fang, L Rigamonti, (Editors), Sustainable Biomass and Waste Conversion, Elsevier, 2022 (in purchase).
4. Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., LJ Xu (Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals from Sustainable Recycling of Organic Solid Waste, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2021.
5. Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., LJ Xu (Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Pyrolysis, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2020.
6. YT Wang, Zhen Fang (Editors), Catalytic Biomass to Renewable Biofuels and Biomaterials, MDPI (Basel, Switzerland), 2020.
7. Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., XF Tian (Editors), Production of Materials from Sustainable Biomass Resources, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2019.
8. Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., H Li (Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Bifunctional Catalysts, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2017.
9. Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., X Qi (Editors), Production of Platform Chemicals from Sustainable Resources, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2017.
10. Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr.(Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals from Lignin, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2016.
11. Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., X Qi (Editors), Production of Hydrogen from Renewable Resources, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2015.
12. Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., X Qi (Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Microwave, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2015.
13. Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., X Qi (Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Ultrasound, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2015.
14. Zhen Fang, C Xu (Editors), Near-critical and Supercritical Water and Their Applications for Biorefineries, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2014.
15. Zhen Fang, RL Smith, Jr., X Qi (Editors), Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Ionic Liquids, Springer, Heidelberg Berlin, 2014.
16. Zhen Fang (Editor), Liquid, Gaseous and Solid Biofuels – Conversion Techniques, InTech, London, UK, 2013.
17. Zhen Fang (Editor), Biofuels – Economy, Environment and Sustainability, InTech, London, UK, 2013.
18. Zhen Fang (Editor), Pretreatment Techniques for Biofuels and Biorefineries, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.
19. Zhen Fang (Editor), Biodiesel – Feedstocks, Production and Applications, InTech, London, UK, 2013.
20. J. M. Marchetti, Zhen Fang (Editors), Biodiesel: Blends, Properties and Applications, Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York, 2011.
21. Zhen Fang (Author), Rapid Production of Micro- and Nano-particles Using Supercritical Water, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.
22. Zhen Fang (Author), Complete Dissolution and Oxidation of Organic Wastes in Water, VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, Saarbrücken, Germany, 2009.

2025年5月7日，方真教授捐赠慈溪市档案馆22部英文图书

方真院士捐赠的他编著的22册珍贵图书档案资料（其中1部随后寄送），将进一步丰富慈溪市档案馆馆藏，助力科技事业的发展。

翻译：

1. 方真，RL Smith，Jr.，郭海星（编著），《农业废弃物和食物垃圾生产有机酸和醇》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2025

      2．方真，RL Smith，Jr.，徐禄江（编著），《从生物质生产含氮化学品和材料》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2021

3. P Bartocci，F Fantozzi，Q Yang，HP Yang，O Masek，YJ Yan，方真，L Rigamonti，（编著），《可持续生物质和废弃物转化》，爱思唯尔出版社，2022 (求购中)

      4．方真，RL Smith，Jr.，徐禄江（编著），《可持续再生有机固体废物生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2021

5. 方真，RL Smith，Jr.，徐禄江（编著），《热解生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2020
6. 王一同，方真 （编著），《催化生物质转化为可再生生物燃料和生物材料》，MDPI（瑞士巴塞尔）出版社，2020
7. 方真，RL Smith，Jr.，田霄飞（编著），《可持续生物质资源生产材料》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2019
8. 方真，RL Smith，Jr.，李虎（编著），《双功能催化剂生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2017
9. 方真，RL Smith，Jr.，漆新华（编著），《可持续资源生产平台化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2017
10. 方真，RL Smith，Jr.（编著），《木质素生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2016
11. 方真，RL Smith，Jr.，漆新华（编著），《可再生资源生产氢气》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2015
12. 方真，RL Smith，Jr.，漆新华（编著），《利用微波生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2015
13. 方真，RL Smith，Jr.，漆新华（编著），《利用超声波生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2015
14. 方真，徐春保（编著），《近临界水和超临界水及其在生物炼制中的应用》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2014
15. 方真，RL Smith，Jr.，漆新华（编著），《利用离子液体生产生物燃料和化学品》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2014
16. 方真（编著），《液体、气体和固体生物燃料-转化技术》，InTech出版社，英国，伦敦，2013
17. 方真（编著），《生物燃料-经济、环境和可持续性》，InTech出版社，英国，伦敦，2013
18. 方真（编著），《生物燃料和生物精炼的预处理技术》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2013
19. 方真（编著），《生物柴油-原料、生产和应用》，InTech出版社，英国，伦敦，2013
20. JM Marchetti，方真（编著），《生物柴油：混合物、性质和应用》，Nova Science Publishers出版社，纽约，2011
21. 方真（作者），《超临界水快速制备微米和纳米颗粒》，柏林•海德堡，斯普林格出版社，2010
22. 方真（作者），《水中有机废物的完全溶解和氧化》，德国，萨尔布吕肯，VDM Verlag Dr. Müller出版社，2003

    随后，方真院士出席慈溪植保无人机职业技能大赛，参访了宁波市生物质部分企业以寻求合作。Subsequently, Prof. Zhen Fang attended the Cixi Plant Protection UAV Vocational Skills Competition and visited some biomass enterprises in Ningbo to seek cooperation.

Nanjing Agricultural University (NJAU)-Lakehead University Seminar on Thermal Utilization of Biomass

Biomass utilization in agriculture and forestry has become a research hotspot in chemical, environment, energy, and materials science and engineering. The purpose of the Seminar is to promote NJAU-Lakehead academic exchange, research partnership, as well as general education stimulating  mutual initiatives in sustainable development of renewable biomass resources.

Organization Committee:

Chair: Professor Zhen Fang (Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering, FCAE), Nanjing Agricultural University, China

Co-chair: Professor Janusz A. Kozinski (FCAE), Lakehead University, Canada

Secretaries:  Miss Xiao Han and Mr Guo-qiang Zhu

Lectures:

1. Biorefining processes for biopolymers and bioplastics

Prof. Pedram Fatehi (Lakehead)

2. Simultaneous pyrolysis-activation-doping of biomass for porous N-doped biochar and its applications

Dr. Wei Chen, Associate Prof. (NJAU)

3. Performance enhancement of biomass- and industrial waste-based magnetic composites

Prof. Kang Kang (Lakehead)

4. Glucose oxidation over Cu0-Cu+ sites stabilized by lignin-derived carbon

Dr. Yang Cao, Associate Prof. (NJAU)

5. Valorization of waste tires using SCWG technology to produce hydrogen

Dr. Baris Yilmaz (Lakehead, Visiting Prof.)

6. Tandem catalysis in-situ hydrogen generation and hydrodeoxygenation: Co-liquefaction of polyethylene and straw into hydrocarbon fuels

Mr. Shen-ren Li (NJAU, PhD Student)

7. Microwave-assisted synthesis of biomass-derived N-doped carbon dots for metal ion sensing

Mr.  Mehedi Hassan (Lakehead, PhD Student)

8. Hydrogen production from biomass via hydrothermal gasification using Ni-Ce catalysts supported on Kaolin

Mr. Zhi-qiang Wang (NJAU, PhD Student)

Video:

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1uj7UzmEiQ/?vd_source=d2f3aa0687d7bca71a4587bfe38523b9

 ——————————————————————————————————-

南京农业大学-加拿大湖首大学研讨会成功举办

农林生物质利用已成为化学、环境、能源、材料科学与工程等领域的研究热点。本次研讨会的目的是促进南京农业大学与湖首大学在可再生生物质资源领域开展学术交流、研究合作以及人才培养等方面合作。

本次研讨会于2025年05月30日由南京农业大学主办，南京农业大学方真院士和加拿大湖首大学Janusz A. Kozinski院士为大会主席，大会主题为热化学利用生物质技术。8位来自加拿大、土耳其和中国的学者及学生分享其最新的研究进展。会上，加拿大湖首大学Pedram Fatehi教授、南京农业大学陈伟副教授、加拿大湖首大学Kang Kang副教授、南京农业大学曹阳副教授、土耳其马尔马拉大学Baris Yilmaz副教授（湖首大学访问学者）、南京农业大学博士生李胜任、湖首大学博士生Mehedi Hassan以及南京农业大学博士生王志强分享其在生物基材料和生物基绿色能源的最新进展。南京农业大学博士生韩笑和硕士生祝国强共同担任大会秘书。

演讲录像：

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1uj7UzmEiQ/?vd_source=d2f3aa0687d7bca71a4587bfe38523b9

News

NJAU-Lakehead Seminar – 30 May 2025 – Program-signed

Misses Jing-jing Guo, Yu-rou Wang, Hong-li Ma, Wan-ying Qiu and Mr. Guo-qiang Zhu successfully defended their Doctoral and Master theses

In the afternoon, May 16, 2025, graduate thesis defence for PhD student Miss Jing-jing Guo, and Master students Miss Yu-rou Wang, Miss Hong-li Ma, Miss Wan-ying Qiu (supervised by Prof. Zhen Fang), and Mr. Guo-qiang Zhu (supervised by Dr. Lujiang Xu) of Biomass Group at Nanjing Agricultural University (NJAU), was held at room B444, No.12 Building, Binjiang Campus, NJAU. Prof. Mao-hua Xiao from NJAU chaired the defence committee, and other four experts (Profs. Wei Zhuang and Jun Zhou from Nanjing Tech University), Profs. Wei-min Ding and Chun-xia He from NJAU) were invited as the members of the committee The defense secretary is Dr. Yang Cao.

The five students presented their theses before the Panel after past external review and courses and replied questions raised by all the members.

Miss Guo presented her PhD dissertation work entitled “A Study on One-step Production of Biodiesel from High Acid Value Waste Oil with Immobilized Lipase”.

Miss Wang presented her master thesis work entitled “A Study on Agroforestry Biomass Simultaneous KOH Activation and Ammoniation during Pyrolysis for Porous N-doped Biochar”.

Miss Ma presented her master thesis work entitled “A Study on Fast Pyrolysis of Bagasse Cellulose and Saccharification for Producing Ethanol via Fermentation”.

Miss Qiu presented her master thesis work entitled “A Study on Ethanol Production by Candida shehatae through Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Straw with High Solid Loading”.

Mr. Zhu presented his master thesis work entitled “Catalytic Pyrolysis of Waste Cooking Oils Deoxygenation for Producing Hydrocarbon-Rich Fuel and Life Cycle Assessment”.

All students published first-authored papers in prestigious Journals,  i.e., 3 from Miss Guo, 1 from Miss Wang, 2 from Miss Ma (1 in Chinese), 1 from Miss Qiu and 1 Mr. Zhu, respectively. Miss Guo and Mr. Zhu were awarded the title of 2025 Outstanding Graduates of NJAU.

After secret ballot, the panel agreed to confer Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering to Miss Jing-jing Guo, and MSc in Engineering degree to Miss Yu-rou Wang, Miss Wan-ying Qiu and Mr. Guo-qiang Zhu, Master of science degree to Miss Hong-li Ma, subjected to the approval by the Academic Degrees Committees of the college and university.

All students found decent jobs.

Miss JJ Guo accepted a faculty position at a University in Huángshí, Hubei.

Mr. GQ Zhu will continue his PhD student at City University of Hong Kong.

Heartful Congratulations to Misses Guo, Wang, Ma and Qiu as well as Mr. Zhu!

 —————————————————————————————————————-

五位学生通过硕博答辩

2025年5月16日下午，南京农业大学生物能源组2021级博士研究生郭静静（女）、硕士研究生王雨柔（女）、马宏莉（女）和邱婉莹（女）（导师方真教授）以及硕士生祝国强（导师徐禄江副教授）毕业答辩会在南京农业大学滨江校区工学院12号楼B442举行。南京农业大学的肖茂华教授担任答辩评审委员会主席，南京工业大学的庄伟教授和周俊教授，南京农业大学的丁为民教授和何春霞教授共五位专家担任答辩评审委员，答辩秘书为曹阳副教授。

答辩会上，郭静静、王雨柔、马宏莉、邱婉莹和祝国强五位同学依次对其在校期间的学术论文进行汇报，同时答辩委员会主席和各位评委提出了相关问题。根据五位同学的问题回答以及学位论文的外审意见，评委会经过评审决议，一致认为郭静静、王雨柔、马宏莉、邱婉莹和祝国强五位同学顺利完成了毕业所需要的研究和学习要求。

郭静静同学在毕业论文《固定化脂肪酶催化高酸值废油一步法制备生物柴油的研究》中探究了利用脂肪酶一步法转化高酸值美洲大蠊油制备生物柴油的可行性，解析了脂肪酶同时催化酯化和酯交换反应的作用机制。通过水热/热解制备了磁性生物炭，利用吸附-共价负载脂肪酶，实现了液相中脂肪酶的磁性分离和循环利用。进一步利用低共熔溶剂法实现了生物柴油的生产和纯化。王雨柔同学在毕业论文《农林生物质同步KOH活化和氨化热解制备多孔掺氮炭的研究》中研究了不同工况下同步活化氨化热解过程中KOH和NH₃交互作用机理，分析了纤维素和木质素同步活化氨化热解机理，并探究了原料特性、炭材料物化性能和应用特性之间的关联，为生物质制备多孔掺氮炭提供了参考。马宏莉同学在毕业论文《快速热解蔗渣纤维素并水解糖化发酵产乙醇的研究》中以蔗渣为研究对象，通过碱性过氧化氢预处理，以实现纤维素的富集，并通过改变纤维素晶体结构，以提高热解糖化率。进一步合成可回收固体酸，将左旋葡聚糖水解为可发酵糖，用于纤维素乙醇的绿色发酵生产。邱婉莹同学在毕业论文《休哈塔假丝酵母利用高固含量秸秆同步糖化发酵生产乙醇的研究》中选择具有发酵葡萄糖和木糖能力的休哈塔假丝酵母（Candida Shehatae CICC 1967），系统探究其在不同培养基条件下的发酵性能。选取玉米秸秆和小麦秸秆作为原料，经酸碱预处理后，利用休哈塔假丝酵母进行延迟补料式同步糖化发酵，实现微生物高效发酵秸秆生产高浓度乙醇的目标。祝国强同学在毕业论文《催化热解废弃油脂脱氧制备富烃燃料及生命周期评价》中研究了废弃油脂热解聚脱氧定向制备富烃燃料并对工艺进行了全生命周期评价，通过不锈钢催化改性成功制备了富烃液体燃料，还通过生物炭催化热解耦合气相沉积工艺成功联产了碳纳米管和富烃燃料，为交通运输业碳减排提供了参考。

郭静静同学以第一作者身份共发表学术论文3篇，王雨柔同学以第一作者身份共发表学术论文1篇，马宏莉同学以第一作者身份共发表学术论文2篇(其中1篇为中文)，邱婉莹以第一作者身份共发表学术论文1篇，祝国强同学以第一作者身份共发表学术论文1篇，郭静静和祝国强同学获得了2025年南京农业大学优秀毕业生称号。

经评委会无记名投票表决，一致同意郭静静同学通过博士学位论文答辩，建议授予工学博士学位；王雨柔同学通过硕士学位论文答辩，建议授予工学硕士学位；马宏莉同学通过硕士学位论文答辩，建议授予理学硕士学位；邱婉莹同学通过硕士学位论文答辩，建议授予工学硕士学位；祝国强同学通过硕士学位论文答辩，建议授予工学硕士学位。

热情祝贺五位同学！

Publications发表的论文：

[1] J-J Guo, S Gao, J Yang, H Zhang, Y-T Wang, W-N Ding, Zhen Fang*. Biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of Periplaneta americana oil with liquid lipase Eversa® transform 2.0. Renewable Energy, 2024, 229, 120756. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.renene.2024.120756

[2] J-J Guo, Y-T Wang, Zhen Fang*. Covalent immobilization of lipase on magnetic biochar for one-pot production of biodiesel from high acid value oil. Bioresource Technology, 2024, 394, 130237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130237

[3] J-J Guo, L Wang, Y-T Wang, W-N Ding, W-W Liu, Zhen Fang*. Lipases immobilized on hydrophobic biochar for one-step production of biodiesel in deep eutectic solvent. Fuel, 2025, 381, 133497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133497

[4] YR Wang, WJ Guo, W Chen, GX Xu, GQ Zhu, GL Xie, LJ Xu, CY Dong, S Gao, YQ Chen, HP Yang, HP Chen, Z Fang. Co-production of porous N-doped biochar and hydrogen-rich gas production from simultaneous pyrolysis-activation-nitrogen doping of biomass: Synergistic mechanism of KOH and NH₃. Renewable Energy 2024, 229, 120777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2024.120777

[5] HL Ma, FX Xu, YC Zhang, MJ Huang, MF Li, GH Wang, MX Huang, Zhen Fang*， LQ Jiang*. Non-unified effects of cellulose allomorphs on fast pyrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis, Industrial Crops and Products, 2025, 230, 121153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121153

[6] WY Qiu, CY Dong*, J-J Guo, B Xia, LJ Xu, Zhen Fang*. Enhancing xylose fermentation to maximize net energy gain of lime-pretreated wheatstraw by delayed fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2025, 15, 107865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107865

[7] GQ Zhu, MX Zhu, EZ Wang, CX Gong, YR Wang, WJ Guo, GL Xie, W Chen, C He, LJ Xu*, H Li, Y Zhang, Z Fang. Natural biochar catalyst: Realizing the co-valorization of waste cooking oil into high-quality biofuel and carbon nanotube precursor via catalytic pyrolysis process. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024, 486, 150195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.150195